The lake in this key water source area covers 50 square kilometers. Traditional manual sampling for monitoring requires collecting water samples at multiple points by boat, taking 2 days for a single monitoring session, with data coverage of less than 30%, and it is difficult to capture sudden water quality anomalies. After introducing a fixed-wing drone inspection system, drones equipped with multispectral water quality sensors and automatic sampling devices can scan 100 square kilometers of water per hour along a preset route, simultaneously obtaining data on six key indicators, including chlorophyll-a, turbidity, and dissolved oxygen.